izindaba

I-Abstract: Iphepha liyinto esetshenziswa kakhulu ukupakisha ukuphrinta.Izakhiwo zayo ezibonakalayo zinomthelela oqondile noma ongaqondile kwikhwalithi yokunyathelisa.Ukuqonda okulungile kanye nokuba yingcweti kwemvelo yephepha, ngokusho kwezici zomkhiqizo, ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwephepha ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo yokunyathelisa, kuzodlala indima enhle ekukhuthazeni.Leli phepha lokwabelana nezici zokuqukethwe okuhlobene nephepha, ukuze uthole inkomba yabangane:

Iphepha lokuphrinta

Noma yiziphi izinhlobo zephepha eliphrintiwe elinezici ezithile, kuye ngendlela yokuphrinta.

Iphepha elisetshenziselwa ukuphrinta ngokukhethekile.Ngokusho ukusetshenziswa zingahlukaniswa zibe: newsprint, izincwadi kanye periodicals paper, cover paper, securities paper nokunye.Ngokwezindlela ezihlukene zokunyathelisa zingahlukaniswa zibe yi-letterpress printing paper, i-gravure printing paper, i-offset printing paper nokunye.

1 Inani

Isho isisindo sephepha endaweni yeyunithi ngayinye, evezwa ngu-g/㎡, okungukuthi, isisindo segram sephepha lemitha-skwele elingu-1.Izinga lobuningi bephepha linquma izici ezibonakalayo zephepha, njengamandla aqinile, idigri yokudabuka, ukuqina, ukuqina nokuqina.Lesi futhi isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthi kungani umshini wokunyathelisa wejubane eliphezulu ungalungile ephepheni lobuningi obungaphansi kuka-35g/㎡, ukuze kube lula ukubonakala iphepha elingajwayelekile, ukuphrinta ngokweqile akuvunyelwe nezinye izizathu.Ngakho-ke, ngokwezici zemishini, ukuhlelwa kobuningi bezingxenye zokunyathelisa ezihambisana nokusebenza kwayo kungakhiqizwa, ukuze kuncishiswe kangcono ukusetshenziswa, kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yemikhiqizo kanye nokusebenza kahle kokunyathelisa kwemishini.

2 Ubukhulu

Ingabe ukujiya kwephepha, iyunithi yokulinganisa ivamise ukuvezwa ngo-μm noma mm.Ubukhulu nobuningi kanye nokubumbana kunobuhlobo obuseduze, ngokuvamile, ukushuba kwephepha kukhulu, inani lalo elihambisanayo liphakeme, kodwa ubudlelwano phakathi kwalokhu kokubili akubona ngokuphelele.Elinye iphepha, nakuba lincane, liyalingana noma lidlula ubukhulu.Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi ukuqina kwesakhiwo se-fiber yephepha kunquma ubuningi nobukhulu bephepha.Ngokombono wokuphrinta nekhwalithi yokupakisha, ukushuba okufanayo kwephepha kubaluleke kakhulu.Uma kungenjalo, kuzothinta iphepha lokuvuselela elizenzakalelayo, ingcindezi yokuphrinta kanye nekhwalithi yeyinki.Uma usebenzisa ukushuba ezahlukene iphepha ephrintiwe izincwadi, kuyokwenza incwadi eqediwe ekhiqizwa umehluko omkhulu ukujiya.

3 Ukuqina

Isho isisindo sephepha cubic centimeter ngayinye, evezwa ngo-g/C㎡.Ukuqina kwephepha kubalwa ngobuningi nokujiya ngokwefomula elandelayo: D=G/ D ×1000, lapho: U-G umele ubuningi bephepha;U-D ubukhulu bephepha.Ukuqina kuyisilinganiso sokuminyana kwesakhiwo sephepha, uma liqine kakhulu, i-paper brittle crack, opacity kanye nokumuncwa kukayinki kuzoncishiswa kakhulu, ukuphrinta akulula ukomisa, futhi kulula ukukhiqiza into enamathelayo engcolile ephansi.Ngakho-ke, lapho iphepha lokunyathelisa elinokuqina okuphezulu, ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhwe ekulawuleni okunengqondo kwenani le-inki enamathelayo, nokukhetha ukoma kanye noyinki ohambisanayo.

4 Ukuqina

Ingabe ukusebenza kokumelana nephepha kwenye ukucindezelwa kwento, kodwa futhi nokusebenza kanzima kwezicubu ze-fiber.Ubulukhuni bephepha buphansi, bungathola uphawu olucacile.Inqubo yokuphrinta ye-letterpress ngokuvamile ifaneleka kakhulu ukuphrinta ngephepha elinobulukhuni obuphansi, ukuze izinga likayinki wokunyathelisa libe lihle, nezinga lokumelana namapuleti okuphrinta nalo liphezulu.

5 Ubushelelezi

Isho izinga lokungqubuzana kwephepha, iyunithi ngamasekhondi, elilinganisekayo.Umgomo wokuthola uthi: ngaphansi kwevacuum ethile nokucindezela, umthamo othile womoya endaweni yengilazi kanye negebe lendawo yesampula phakathi kwesikhathi esithathiwe.Iphepha liba bushelelezi, umoya uhamba kancane kulo, futhi ngokuphambene nalokho.Ukuphrinta kudinga iphepha elinobushelelezi obumaphakathi, ubushelelezi obuphezulu, ichashaza elincane lizokhiqiza kabusha ngokwethembeka, kodwa ukuphrinta okugcwele kufanele kunake ukuvimbela ukunamathela emuva.Uma ubushelelezi bephepha buphansi, ingcindezi yokuphrinta edingekayo inkulu, ukusetshenziswa kweyinki nakho kukhulu.

6 Iziqu Zothuli

Libhekisela ukungcola ebusweni amabala iphepha, umbala kanye nombala iphepha kukhona umehluko osobala.Idigri yothuli isilinganiso sokungcola ephepheni, esivezwa ngenani lezindawo zothuli ebangeni elithile imitha yesikwele ngayinye yendawo yephepha.Uthuli lwephepha luphezulu, uyinki yokuphrinta, umphumela wokukhiqiza amachashazi awulungile, izindawo ezingcolile zithinta ubuhle bomkhiqizo.

7 Sizing Degree

Ngokuvamile ingaphezulu lephepha lephepha lokubhala, iphepha lokugqoka kanye nephepha lokupakisha lakhiwa ngokulinganisa ungqimba oluvikelayo olunokumelana namanzi.Indlela yokusebenzisa ukulinganisa, ipeni ledada elivame ukusetshenziswa elicwiliswe kuyinki okhethekile ojwayelekile ngemizuzwana embalwa, dweba umugqa ephepheni, bheka ububanzi obukhulu bokungandeki kwayo, ukungakwazi ukungena emanzini, iyunithi ingu-mm.Ukulinganisa kwendawo yephepha kuphezulu, ukukhanya kongqimba lukayinki wokuphrinta kuphezulu, ukusetshenziswa kukayinki kuncane.

8 Ukuzithiba

Kuyikhono lephepha lokumunca uyinki.Ubushelelezi, ukukala iphepha elihle, ukumuncwa kukayinki kubuthakathaka, ungqimba lukayinki loma kancane, futhi kulula ukunamathela ukuphrinta okungcolile.Ngokuphambene, ukumuncwa kukayinki kunamandla, ukuphrinta kulula ukomisa.

9 Ngemva

Kubhekiselwa ekuhleleni kwenhlangano ye-fiber yephepha.Enqubweni yokwenza iphepha, i-fiber ihamba ngokulandela isiqondiso se-longitudinal yomshini wephepha.Ingabonwa nge-Engeli ebukhali yamamaki anetha.Ukuma kuye kuye mpo kuphambene.Inani le-deformation lokuphrinta okusanhlamvu kwephepha le-longitudinal lincane.Enqubweni yokuphrinta okusanhlamvu kwephepha eliguquguqukayo, ukuhluka kokunwetshwa kukhulu, futhi amandla aqinile kanye neziqu zokudabula zimbi.

10 Izinga Lokwandisa

Kubhekisela ephepheni ekumunceni umswakama noma ukulahlekelwa umswakama ngemva kosayizi wokuhluka.Ukuthamba kwezicubu ze-fiber zephepha, i-tightness iyancipha, izinga lokunwetshwa kwephepha liphezulu;Ngokuphambene, izinga lokukala liphansi.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukushelela, ukulinganisa iphepha elihle, izinga layo lokunweba lincane.Okufana nephepha elinamacala amabili anamacala, ikhadi lengilazi kanye nephepha le-A offset, njll.

11 I-Porosity

Ngokuvamile, iphepha elincane futhi elincane kakhulu, lizobe liphefumula kakhulu.Iyunithi yekhono lokuphefumula i-ml/min(milliliter ngomzuzu) noma s/100ml(isibili /100ml), okusho inani lomoya odlula ephepheni ngomzuzu ongu-1 noma isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze udlule ku-100ml womoya.Iphepha elinokungena komoya okukhulu lithambekele ekumunceni iphepha eliphindwe kabili enqubweni yokuphrinta.

12 Iziqu Ezimhlophe

Kubhekiselwa ekukhanyeni kwephepha, uma konke ukukhanya kuvela ephepheni, iso lenyama lingabona ukuthi kumhlophe.Ukunqunywa kobumhlophe bephepha, ngokuvamile ubumhlophe be-magnesium oxide buyi-100% njengezinga elijwayelekile, thatha isampula yephepha nge-irradiation yokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ubumhlophe bokubukeka okuncane kubi.Imitha ye-photoelectric whiteness ingasetshenziswa futhi ukukala ubumhlophe.Amayunithi obumhlophe angamaphesenti ayi-11.Iphepha elimhlophe eliphakeme, uyinki wokuphrinta ubonakala umnyama, futhi kulula ukukhiqiza ngokusebenzisa lo mkhuba.

13 Ngaphambili nangemuva

Ekwenziweni kwephepha, i-pulp ibunjwa ngokucwenga kanye nokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni ngokunamathela kunemeshi yensimbi.Ngale ndlela, njengohlangothi lwenetha ngenxa yokulahlekelwa imicu emihle kanye nama-fillers ngamanzi, ngakho-ke ukushiya amamaki anetha, ingaphezulu lephepha likhulu.Kanti olunye uhlangothi olungenayo inethi lungcono.Smooth, ukuze iphepha lenze umehluko phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezimbili, nakuba ukukhiqizwa okomisa, ukukhanya kwengcindezi, kusekhona umehluko phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezimbili.I-gloss yephepha ihlukile, ethinta ngokuqondile ukumuncwa kukayinki kanye nekhwalithi yemikhiqizo yokunyathelisa.Uma inqubo ye-letterpress isebenzisa ukuphrinta kwephepha elinehlangothi eliwugqinsi elingemuva, ukuguga kwamapuleti kuzokwenyuka kakhulu.Ingaphambili lengcindezi yokuphrinta iphepha ilula, ukusetshenziswa kukayinki kuncane.